【宋代第一丹青妙手——李公麟】
足球直播平台ligonglin(1040~1106)beisongzhuminghuajia。ziboshi,haolongmianjushi。shucheng(jinanhuishengshuchengxian)ren。qifulixuyi,cengrendalisicheng,xishouzangfashuminghua,yinci,ligonglinziyoujishenshouyishuxuntao。xiningsannian(1070)dengjinshidi,lirennankang、zhangyuanwei,sizhoulushicanjundengdifangguanyuan,hourujingweizhongshumenxiashengshandingguan、yushitaijianfahechaofenglang。yuanfusannian(1100)yinbingtuiguiyinjiaxianglongmianshanzhuang。ligonglinzuoweiyimingwenrenhuajiahuoyueyubeisonghuatan。zaizhengzhishang,tameiyouwanquanjuanrudangshide“dangzheng”xuanwo,yuxindangdewanganshihejiudangdesushi、huangtingjiandengrenjunyoushuhuajiaoyi,youshifumadouweiwangshendezuoshangke。tajinhuaichaotuo,“congshisanshinian,weichangyiriwangshanlin”。qiwenzhangyoujiananfengge,shufaxuexijin、songjianrendeshufeng,tongshiyoushanyujianbianzhongdingguqi,bowenqiangshi,shiyiweiyougaoshenxiuyangheduofangmiancainengdeyishujia。
足球直播平台ligonglinzaihuihuachuangzuoshangdebiaoxianfanweizhiguangkuo,shilishishangwenrenhuajiashaoyoude。daoshi、renwu、anma、gongshi、shanshui、huaniaodengwusuobuneng,qiejingyulinmo。tachuxuegukaizhi、lutanwei、zhangsengzhou、wudaozi,jineryouguangfanshifajinsuitangsongzhujia。dantabudaoxiqianren,nengquqianrenzhangchu,yiweijiyou。tazuohuashinengdadandibingqisecai,zhuanyongbaimiao,jijinyidanchunxilian、posuzirandexiantiaolaibiaoxianwuxiangdexingmaoqingtai,shiyiwangjinzuoweifenben(caogao)debaimiao,xingchengweidulide、juyougaodugaikuoxinghebiaoxianlideyishuxingshi,chengweikeyuzhongcaiheshuimolinlidehuafaxiangkanghengdechuantonghuihuafangfazhiyi,weifengfuzhongguohuadebiaoxianjifazuochulezhongdadegongxian。tongshitayouzhongshishifazaohua,zhuyiduikeguanduixiangzuominruizhoumideguancha。weilehuachumadeshenjun,tameiguotaipujiushe,“bizhongrizongguan,youbuxiayukeyuzhe”。tahuaderenwu,yiyanjiunengkanchuqibutongdiqu、minzu、jiecengdetedian,qizhixianming,xinggetuchu,erbuyibiaomiandefeihongheishouqufenrenwudeguijian。zaichuangzuozhong,tazhuzhangyi“liyiweixian,buzhiyuanshiweici”。duizhutidebiaodanengzaigousi、goutudangzhong,zhuazhuzuinengnairenxunweideyishunjian,meimeichurenyibiao。tahuadaoshirenwunengchuqiliyi,chuangzaochu《zhangdaiguanyin》、《zizaiguanyin》dengxinxingxiang,jiangguanyinhuachengfeiwuzhangdaiderenjianshaonv,baweimojiehuachengwenweneryadeshidafu,jinyibushidedaoshihuayouzongjiaochongbaideouxiangxiangguanshangxinghuihuadelishixingzhuanbian。
足球直播平台ligonglinxiancunzuopinyou《wumatu》、《linweiyanmufangtu》、《weimojiexiang》(chuan)、《mianzhoutu》(chuan)ji《shengxiantu》(nansongshidaoben)dengliuchuanyushi。《wumatu》,zhiben,baimiao,miaohuidangshihuangjiasijianhezuojiyuandefengtoucong、jinbocong、haotouchi、zhaoyebai、manchuanhuawupijunmajiqianmadexiguanhuoyuren,renwuhemapijungejufengcaishenyun。xingyunliushuisidexiantiao,jiangmadehunyuantitaijijianmeidejinroumaosebiaoxiandexuxurusheng。qianmazhedemianrongheyiwen,zhiyijijianjiedelunkuoxiangouchu,qibutongminzu、butongshenfen、butongshenqingtezhengbianyueranzhishang。
足球直播平台ligonglindehuihuazaidangshijishoudaotuichonghezhongshi,duihoushiyeyouzhongdayingxiang,yizhihuabaimiaozhemobuzushuligonglin,nansongjiashigu,yuandaizhaomengfu、zhangwo,mingdaidingyunpeng、chenhongshousuohuaderenwu、anmadoubutongchengdudeshoudaoligonglinhuafengdeyingxiang。
ligonglinzaishuchengdeyijiyouchunqiushandushutang、ximochi,longmianshanlongmianshanzhuang,xianchengyouxuanyuanguan,longmianshuyuandeng。ligonglinmuchengguanzhenshudongcun。
【明代廉吏——吏部尚书秦民悦】
足球直播平台qinminyue(1436—1512),zibangyue,yizichonghua,anhuishuchengxianren。mingchaotianshunyuanniandengjinshi。lirenguangpingzhifu、nanjinglibushangshu。qinminyuejiapinhaoxue,wushubudu,meirizuowenqianyan,ershisuixiangshizhongqudediyiming,(jurenkaoshidediyimingjiaojieyuan),tianshunyuannian(1457)jinshi,ershiershouxingren(guanming,zhangguanpengjiefengshizhishi,zaijingguanzhongdiweisuidi,ershengwanggao,shengzhuankuai。chuzhongjinshi,yirencizhiweirong。)chenghuayuannian(1465)shengqianweigongbuyuanwailang,fuzejianduzhizao。dangshichaozhongyouquandeguizuguanyuandaduosixiakekoutanwu,qinminyueduitamendajicaizhijuebushouruan。bujiu,churenguangpingfuzhifu。zaiguangpingfurenzhiqijian,tadiaochayanjiu,wei19gesiqiupingfanzhaoxue;bingzaifuyashelixueshe,dangdihenduodushurennazhejingshuquqingjiaota,guanxirongqiarutongshishengyiban;tongshiqinglizhangliangmumadi3500qing,zhaojiliuwang6000hu,jitamenzhongzi,rangtamengengzhong,jiangshouhuodeliangshichubeiqilai,yongzuozhenzaihedifangfushui,tadezheiyijucuoweitianxiashouchuang。houshengrenjiangxicanzheng,zaishengqianweiyoufudouyushi,xunfujizhoudengchu。yinweihanqingyanzhong,tazouqingmianchuminfu。xunqihuangzhuangdedianhu,yizhangguanshi,weihaibaixing,qianrenyushilvjinbuzhi,qinminyueyifachengzhiletamen。tashuo: “jingchengjindi,jingganzheiyang,ruobusha,yihoubukezhi。”bingjiangsuoqinzhandetudiquanbuguihaijibaixing。xianzonghuangdishifenzanshangtadecaineng,shengqianweinanjinglibushangshu,talianhejiuqingshangzouchenshushizhengershisanjianshi,daduobeicainayixing。sihoushi(gudaidiwanghuodaguansihoupingjidechenghao)zhuangjian,cijizang,zengtaizishaofu。
qinminyueweiguanqinglian,buweiquangui,shicejishuquanbei。youguantayu“longshugongxi”dechuanshuozaishuchengyoulaiyijiu。youyiniantahuixiangshengqinshikandaojiaxiangshougongbianzhidezhuxigongyishuipinghengao,yushijiujingxuanyizhangshuxidaihuijingchengsongjidangshideyingzonghuangdi,yingzongkandaorucijingzhiyouliangdezhuxi,dangjiyupi: “dingshanqizhu,longshugongxi”。youci,shuchengdezhuxidedaohuangshangdezanxu,yejiuchengweimingyangtianxiashougongyipinle。zhijin,shuxizhizaogongyilieweiguojia“feiwuzhiwenhuayichan”,yeyinggaiyoutadeyifengonglao。
秦民悦擅诗文,有《儆庵集》行世。现录其《登鹿起山》一首于后。
山名鹿起壮舒鸠,叠翠奇峰夹气浮。
停望只居红日下,登临已出紫云头。
灵光石惯生风雨,古庙檐疑逼斗牛。
回首青松响泉濑,依稀时听韵悠悠。
【官办学校第一人——西汉教育家文翁】
wenweng(qian156~qian101),mingdang,zizhongweng,hanlujiangjunshuxian(jinanhuishuchengxianchunqiuxiangfengxiangshucun)ren。nianshaohaoxue,dui《chunqiu》zuanyanyoushen。hanjingdimonianrenshujunshou,xingjiaoyu、juxianneng、xiushuili,zhengjizhuozhu。shiguanbanxuexiaodechuangshiren。
hanchu,tongguo“wenjingzhizhi”,jingjiyouyidingdehuifufazhan。shujunwuchanfengrao,danwenhuabijiaoluohou。wenwengrenshujunshou,weigaibiandangdiwenhuabufadadezhuangkuang,shouxiancongfazhanjiaoyurushou。hanwudijianyuanyuannian(gongyuanqian141nian),wenwengzaichengdoujianliwenxuejingshejiangtang,yinjiangtangshiyonghanbaiyu、huagangyandengshicaijianzaode,suoyirenmencheng“wenwengshishi”huo“wenwengyushi”。shishijianchenghou,zhaoshoushujunsuoxiashiduogexiandexueshengrushixuexi。taxuanbaxueshengdetiaojianbulunjiatingpinfu,zhiyaocongminghaoxue、youpeiyangqiantudejunkeruxue。bingzhidinglejianglizhengce: fan“ruxuezhemianchuyaoyi,yichengjiyouliangzhebujunxianli。”youyushixingjianglicuoshi,“xianyiliminjianerrongzhi,shunian,zhengyuweixueguandizi,furenzhichuqianyiqiuzhi。”
zaijiaoyufangfashangzhuzhongxueshengdeshijiduanlian。《hanshu?wenwengchuan》shuotameicixiaxianxunshikaocha,zongshitiaoxuanjingshududehao、pinxingduanzhengdexueshengyidao,rangtamendaomeijiameihuxuanyangjiaohua,anxizhengshi,congshijianzhongduanliancaigan。tongshixuanpaiyouxiudexuesheng、xiaolidaojingchengzhangandezuigaoxuefuxuexi,huodaoyanjiujingshudeboshineilijixushenzao,xuexifalv。huilaihouyoudejiaoshouxuesheng,youdetibazhongyongweijunshou、cishi。
zaiyongrenshangzhuzhongpinxuejianyou,xihanchunianguidingjiazhongyaoyoujiazhishiwanqiandedongchanhuobudongchancainengweili。jingdishisuijiangdilebiaozhun,rengranyaosiwanqianyishang。wenwengzaiyongrenshangbuguanjiazhongcaichanduogua,zhiyaoyouzhishi、youcainengjiuweiyizhongren,dapoleyongrenweicaidebiaozhun。wenwengdezheixiejucuo,peiyanglexuduowenrenxuezhehezhijunjingying。cujinledangdidewenhuayujingjidefazhan。dangshishujunxuezhehenduo,rusimaxiangru“zuofushenhongliwenya,xiongxinzhuangzhi”,yiwencixianyushi,youhuanjingshi,shoudaozhuhougongqingchengzan。shaohoudewangbao、yanzun、yangxiongdengren,wenzhangguanyutianxia,jiewenwengzhigongji。youwenwengshishideshujunjunxue,daojintiandechengdoushishishizhongxue,liangqianduonianxinhuobuduan。dangdaidegemingjiajianxuezheguomoruo、liyimangdeng,doucengzaicilingshouguowenwengzhihui。
wenwengbanxuedejingyanyinqihuangdidezhongshi,hanshichengtawei“xunlidiyi”,guanbanxuexiaodiyiren。wenwengdejunxuekaiban17nianhou,hanwudiliuchejuedingtuiguangtadebanxuedejingyan。xialingquanguo,pubianxingbanwenwengshishishideguanxue。
wenwengweishujunshoushibujinchongwenzhongjiao,erqieshifenguanzhuminsheng,fazhannongye,xingxiushuili,tazhuchikaiwaguanjiangkou,guangaichengdouyibeidapiannongtian。《doujiangyanshuilishuyao》jizai: wenwengzairenzhiqijian,dailingrenmin“chuanjianjiang,guangaifantianyiqianqibaiqing”。shidiyigekuodadoujiangyanguanqudeguanyuan。youyuzhuzhongxingxiushuili,fazhannongye,shishujunchuxianle“shipingdaozhi,minwufukang”dejumian。
wenwengsihou,shirenweitalicijinian,“suishijisibujue”,bingyiwenwengwei“shujunrenwu”weirong。doujiangyanbowuguanchenliedelidaizhishumingchensuxiangzhong,wenwengweiliediyi。tachuangbandewenwengshishi,duisichuandewenhuazuqiuzhibopingtai、rencaipeiyang,yijituidongquanguoguanxuefazhandoujuyoubukemomiedelishigongji。banguzai《hanshu?wenwengchuan》zhongshuo: “zhijinbashuhaowenya,wenwengzhihuaye。”sichuanduiwenwengdezunchongshenzhichaoguokongzi。weijinianwenweng,wenwenggulishuchengxianfengxiangshucundewenchongxiaoxuexiangengmingweiwenwengxiaoxue,fengxiangshuzhongxuegengmingweiwenwengzhongxue。wenwengmuzaishuchengxianfengxiangshucunwenjiachongfengxingdi。
【风流大度的三国军事家——周瑜】
zhouyu(175—210nian),zigongjin,donghanshilujiangjunshuxian(jinanhuishengshuchengxian)ren。zhongguolishishangzhumingdejunshijia、zhanlvejia,weisunwujiye,sanfendingligeju,qilezhongyaodezuoyong。taxiangmaokuiwei,qiduhuihong,zhixiangyuanda,suishengfengluanshi,queyikuoqingtianxiaweijiren。sunjianxingbingtaodongzhuoshi,yijiashuxian,yuzhouyuyijiazhuzaiyiqi,zhouyujianglunandazhaigongsunjiajuzhu,qiedengtangbaimu,yusuncejieweiyixingxiongdi。
足球直播平台xingpingernian(195)zhouyuqukanwangzaidanyangzuotaishoudeshufuzhoushang,zheishisuncezailiyang,xiexinjizhouyu。zhouyulvbingyingjiesunce,errenxietongzuozhan,shoufulezhangjiangxiayoudapiantudi,suncedebuduiyefazhandaojiwanren。sunceduizhouyushuo: “wuyicizhongquwuhuipingshanyueyizu。qinghaizhendanyang”。bujiu,yuanshupaitadetangdiyuanyinqudaizhoushangrendanyangtaishou,zhouyusuizhoushangdaoleshouchun(jinanhuishouxian)。yuanshufaxianzhouyuyoucai,yushouluoweiyijiang。zhouyukanchuyuanshubushichengjiudashiyederen,bianqingqiuzuojuchaoxianzhang,yujiejihuijiangdong,yuanshutongyilezhouyudeqingqiu。
足球直播平台jianansannian(198nian),zhouyujingjuchaohuidaowujun(jinsuzhou)。suncewenzhouyuguilai,qinzichuying,shouzhouyujianweizhonglangjiang。chengzanzhouyu“xiongziyingfa,cainengjuelun。”shinianzhouyuershisisui,wujunrenjiechengzhoulang。bujiu,suncebaizhouyuweizhonghujun,jianrenjiangxiataishou,suijunzhengtao。zaigongpowanchengshi,dedaoqiaogongdelianggenver,jieguosetianzi。sunceziqudaqiao,zhouyuquxiaoqiao。
jiananwunian(200nian),suncequshi,sunquanjiwei。guanduzhizhan,caocaodabaileyuanshaohou,bingweirisheng,zhideyiman,yiweitianxiabiankeyunyuguzhangzhizhong。jiananshisannian(208nian)chun,caocaohuishinanxia。sunquanrenmingzhouyuweizuodu,tongjunsanwan。chengpuweiyoudu,lusuweizanjunxiaowei,yucaojunzaichibiduizhi。caojunxindao,bufushuitu,jibingliuxing,shiqidiluo。gangyijiezhan,lijibaitui,zhihaozhuzhazaijiangbei,xiangdengdongtianguohou,lainianchuntianzaizhan。caoyingjiangshi,duobuxishuixing,weilekefuzheiyiruodian,bianbazhanchuanyongtiesuosuozaiyiqi,shangmianpushangmuban,lianjiechengshuishangyingzhai,yibianxingzou。zhouyubuxiahuanggaixianji: “jinkouzhongzuqiuzhibopingtaigua,nanyuchijiu。ranguancaojunchuanjian,shouweixiangjie,keshaoerzouye”。zhouyucainalehuanggaidejimou,xuanmengchongdoujianshushisou,limianzhuangmanchaicao,jiaoshangyouzhi,waimianyongzhangmubaoguo,chashangyaqi,zuohaohuogongdezhunbei。huanggaizhajiang,pairensongxinjicaocao,yueding: “jiaofengzhiri,gaiweiqianbu,dangyinshibianhua,xiaomingzaijin。”zhouyuxuanzeleyigeguadongnanfengdeyewan,minghuanggaidailingshushisouzhanchuan,chengfengxiangcaoyingjinfa。caojunyiweihuanggaizhenlaitoujiang,haobufangbei,zhishizhidianguankan。chuanduixingdaojulicaojunshuizhaiyilizuoyou,huanggaixialinggechuantongshidianhuo。“shifengshengmeng,xiyanshaoanshangyingluo。qingzhi,yanyanzhangtian,renmashaonisizheshenzhong。”caocaodabai,tuishouzhongyuan。
足球直播平台“yaoxianggongjindangnian,xiaoqiaochujiale,xiongziyingfa,yushanlunjin,tanxiaojian,qiangluhuifeiyanmie。”chibizhizhanhou,dingligejuyiding。zhouyuyincishengweidazhen,mingyangtianxia。zhouyujianyisunquan,chengcaocaoxinbai,zanshibugannanfanzhiji,jinbingshoufuxishu,shoufulexishu,jinershoufubeifang,biankewanchengtongyidaye。sunquanfeichangzantongzhouyuzheiyijuyouzhanlveyanguangdejihua。yushizhouyujijichouhuachuzhengxishudezuozhanzhunbeigongzuo,zaiganhuijianglingdetuzhongranbing,siyubaqiu(jinhunanyueyang),nianjinsanshiliusui。
足球直播平台zhouyuyishengzhengzhan,youqiangliedejinqujingshenhehengxingtianxiadebaofu;tafengdukeren,yilunyingfa,wencaichaoqun,jingyuyinle,jishishijiuhou,rengnengtingchuyanzoudeyinlezhonghenxiweideshushi,shiyouyaoyanshuo: “quyouwu,zhoulanggu。”tadairenqiangongyouli。dangshisunquanzhishijiangjun,zhujiangduitaliyibingbuquanbei,zhiyouzhouyuduisunquanwanquananjunchenzhililaiduidai。taxinxiongkuanguang,yidefuren,laojiangchengpuduocijizhouyunankan,zhouyuzhejierongxia,buyujijiao。chengpugandongdiduirenshuo: “yuzhougongjinjiao,ruyinchunlao,bujuezizui!”jiangganchengzanzhouyushuo: “yalianggaozhi,feiyancisuojian。”zhouyudecaigan,liubei、caocao、sunquandoufeichangqingchu。liubeicengsixiatiaobozhouyuhesunquandeguanxishuo: “gongjinwenwuchoulve,wanrenzhiying,guqiqiliangguangda,kongbujiuweirenchener。”caocaoweiyangaizijideshibai,youyibiandizhouyuzaichibizhizhandegongji,bianxiexinjisunquanshuo: chibizhizhan,zhengganshangzuqiuzhibopingtaidejiangshimenranbing,yushi,zuqiuzhibopingtaizijishaochuantuique,meixiangdao,zheixiadaoshizhouyuchengleming。bulunbierenzenyanglijian,sunquanxinzhongyoushu。zhouyuqushi,tatongkushuo: “gongjinyouwangzuozhizi,jinhuduanming,guhelaizai?”zaitachengdihourengniannianbuwangzhouyu,duociduigongqingmenshuo: “gufeizhougongjin,budiyi。”yidaiweirenmaozedongzai《qingniantuandegongzuoyaozhaoguqingniandetedian》yiwenzhongshuo: “zhouyushige‘qingniantuanyuan’,dangdongwudetongshuai,chengpudenglaojiangbufu,houlaishuofule,haishiyouleta,jieguodaleshengzhang”。